Kraft M, Vianna E, Martin RJ, Leung DYM: Nocturnal asthma is associated with reduced glucocorticoid receptor binding affinity and decreased steroid responsiveness at night. Turki J, Pak J, Green SA, et al.: Genetic polymorphisms of the beta 2-adrenergic receptor in nocturnal and nonnocturnal asthma: evidence that Gly16 correlates with the nocturnal phenotype. Szefler SJ, Ando R, Cicutto LC, et al.: Plasma histamine, epinephrine, cortisol, and leukocyte beta-adrenergic receptors in nocturnal asthma. Biopsy study describing circadian changes in alveolar tissue inflammation in nocturnal asthma.ĭjukanovic R, Roche WR, Wilson JW, et al.: Mucosal inflammation in asthma. Kraft M, Martin RJ, Wilson S, et al.: Lymphocyte and eosinophil influx into alveolar tissue in nocturnal asthma. Silkoff PE, McClean PA, Slutsky AS, et al.: Exhaled nitric oxide and bronchial reactivity during and after inhaled beclomethasone in mild asthma. Georges G, Bartelson BB, Martin RJ, Silkoff PE: Circadian variation in exhaled nitric oxide in nocturnal asthma. Ten Hacken NH, van der Vaart H, van der Mark TW, et al.: Exhaled nitric oxide is higher both at day and night in subjects with nocturnal asthma. Kharitonov SA, Yates D, Robbins RA, et al.: Increased nitric oxide in exhaled air of asthmatic patients. Irvin CG, Pak J, Martin RJ: Airway-parenchyma uncoupling in nocturnal asthma. Klin Med 1985, 80:44–47.Ĭochrane GM, Clark JH: A survey of asthma mortality in patients between ages 35 and 64 in the Greater London hospitals in 1971. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996, 154:1505–1510.ĭethlefsen U, Repgas R: Ein neues Therapieprinzip bei Nachtlichen Asthma. Kraft M, Djukanovic R, Wilson S, et al.: Alveolar tissue inflammation in asthma. Martin RJ, Cicutto LC, Ballard RD: Factors related to the nocturnal worsening of asthma. Van Keimpema AR, Ariaansz M, Tamminga JJ, et al.: Nocturnal waking and morning dip of peak expiratory flow in clinically stable asthma patients during treatment: occurrence and patient characteristics. Martin RJ: Location of airway inflammation in asthma and the relationship to circadian change in lung function. Hetzel MR, Clark TJ, Branthwaite MA: Asthma: analysis of sudden deaths and ventilatory arrests in hospital. Title: Melatonin MT2 receptor is expressed and potentiates contraction in human airway smooth muscleĪuthors: Haruka Sasaki, Yi Zhang, Charles W.Turner-Warwick M: Epidemiology of nocturnal asthma. The research paper was published in the American Journal of Physiology Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology on November 16, 2021. "Although serum concentration of melatonin did not significantly induce the airway constriction, greater doses of melatonin, which is clinically used to treat insomnia, jet lag, or cancer, worsened asthma symptoms and impaired the therapeutic effect of bronchodilators," said Mizuta.įirst author of the paper Haruka Sasaki adds, "The pharmacological therapy that blocks the melatonin MT2 receptor could inhibit the detrimental effects of melatonin on airways." Melatonin enhances airway smooth muscle contraction, which could worsen asthma symptoms. ![]() The serum concentration of melatonin reaches maximum at night. Furthermore, melatonin attenuated the relaxing effects of the widely used bronchodilator β-adrenoceptor agonist. They observed that the activation of the melatonin MT2 receptor with higher doses of melatonin or melatonin receptor agonist ramelteon greatly potentiated the bronchoconstriction. To elucidate this, the research group identified the expression of the melatonin MT2 receptor in human airway smooth muscle. However, melatonin, which is often prescribed for insomnia, favors a state of bronchoconstriction and weakens the relaxing effect of a bronchodilator through the activation of the melatonin MT2 receptor. To ease this, many take a bronchodilator, a medicine which widens the bronchus. Now, a research group led by Kentaro Mizuta from Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry has discovered that melatonin, a sleep hormone, worsens asthma.Īsthma patients suffer from bronchoconstriction, where the smooth muscles of the bronchus - the pathway that moves air to and from your lungs - contract. Although some have proposed several triggers that explain the pathogenesis of nocturnal asthma, the precise mechanisms regulating this asthma phenotype remain obscure. Patients with asthma often experience a worsening of asthmatic symptoms at night in so-called "nocturnal asthma." According to reports, more than 50% of asthma deaths occur at night, exposing a link between nocturnal asthma symptoms and asthma deaths.
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